NAME

     filt  - filter traces and decimate samples


SYNOPSIS

     filt [ -Nntap ] [ -Ootap ] [
       -bias ] [ [ -flfl ] [ -fhfh ] [ -nornorder ] ] [ [ -ormsby
     ]  [  -f1f1  ]  [  -f2f2 ] [ -f3f3 ] [ -f4f4 ] [ -powpow ] [
     -conv  ] [ -dbdb ] [ -wtwt ] ] [ [ -bess  ]  [  -iaint  ]  [
     -llsf ] [ -wex ] ] [ -nsns ] [ -nene ] [ -rsirs ] [ -reire ]
     [ -didec ] [ tmultmul ] [ -C  ] [ -M  ] [ -? ]


DESCRIPTION

     filt Apply an either an n'th order (nor) Butterworth  filter
     (default)  or  a  trapezoidal  (ormsby)  filter  or a bessel
     filter to the specified traces in the input file  or  simply
     remove  a  DC  bias  from the input traces.  The Butterworth
     filter is a lowpass one converted to bandpass  with  digital
     corner  frequencies at fl,fh and can either be minimum phase
     or zero phase.  The ormsby is done in the  frequency  domain
     and  is  always zero phase.  The Bessel filters do not allow
     you to filter specific frequency bands but they have beauti-
     fully  behaved  responses such that if you just want to trim
     off some high frequency noise  without  otherwise  affecting
     the  data  with  artifacts  this is the option for you.  The
     output is zerophase if -C option is not used in the  command
     line.   Large  orders should be avoided because of the prob-
     lems with numerical errors.  Note that filt will handle very
     long traces (up to 16000 samples).

     filt gets processing controls from the command line. Reason-
     able defaults are set up.


  Command line arguments
     -N ntap
          Enter the full path of the  file  containing  the  data
          set.


     -O otap
          Enter the output file name for the filtered traces

     -rs irs
          (integer) First record to process (default = 1)

     -re ire
          (integer) Last record to process (default = all)

     -ns ns
          First trace in record to process (default = 1)


     -ne ne
          Last trace in record to process (default = all)

     -nor norder
          The Butterworth filter order (default = 2)

     -flfl
          The lower corner frequency of the filter. For a lowpass
          filter set=0.0 (default = 10.0 Hz).

     -fhfh
          The upper corner frequency of the filter.   (default  =
          40.0 Hz).

     -ormsby
          If present on command line the filter applied is a tra-
          pezoid  in the frequency domain with corner frequencies
          specified below:

     -ormsby
          If present on command line the filter applied is a tra-
          pezoid  in the frequency domain with corner frequencies
          specified below:

     -f1f1, -f2f2, -f3f3, -f4f4
          The four corner frequencies of the  trapezoid  starting
          from  the  lowest  (f1, f2, f3, f4 must be in ascending
          order). If either f1,f2 and/or f3,f4 pairs are  missing
          then an out-out on that side is assumed.

     -pow pow
          Enter the exponent with which to power the  trapezoidal
          filter. Default is 1.0

     -conv
          If present on command line the ormsby filter applied is
          a  convolutional  operation  in  the time domain rather
          than a frequency domain operation. This is  slower  but
          gives  better  control over the magnitude of the rejec-
          tion (see -db[] below).

     -db db
          Ormsby convolution option: enter the decibel  rejection
          outside the passband of the amplitude spectrum. Default
          is 40.

     -wt wt
          Ormsby convolution option: enter the  bessel  weighting
          for the filter design. Default is 1.0

     -bess
          If present on command line  the  filter  applied  is  a
          bessel  filter  with notch paramter, filter length, and
          ross weight described below.

     -iaint, -llsf, -wex
          Enter the intercept (values from .01 - narrow to .09  -
          wide),   filter  length,  and  ross  weight.  Intercept
          default is .05; filter length default is 3; ross weight
          default  is 0. Narrow filters chop off more of the high
          frequencies in the data; wide wifters  leve  more  high
          frequencies  in the data. Long filters chop off more of
          the high frequencies; short filters leave more highs in
          (-l3 gets you to about 1/2 nyquist).

     -tmul tmul
          Multiply the sampling  interval,  dt,  by  this  factor
          (default  = 1.0). This is useful if the sampling inter-
          val is in different units than expected.

     -d idec
          Enter the data decimation factor: -d2 means throw  away
          every other sample.  Default = 1.

     -bias
          Remove DC bias only from input data. With  this  option
          flagged  there  will be no other filtering of any kind.
          Any decimation will be ignored and  there  will  be  no
          restore mute.

     -C   Output is for a minimum delay filter rather than  zero-
          phase (default zero phase if not specified)

     -M   If present on command line do not restore  early  mute.
          Default is to restore early mute.

     -?   Query mode.  With this flag, filt will give a  descrip-
          tion  of  the  command line arguments and stop the pro-
          gram.


DISCUSSION

     The Butterworth option of the program makes use  of  a  bil-
     inear  transformation  of  an  analog  log  pass Butterworth
     filter of order norder to a digital bandpass filter  with  a
     corner  fh.  If  fl=0.0,  the  bandpass  filter reduces to a
     lowpass filter. If fh  equals  a  number  greater  than  the
     Nyquist  frequency, the filter reduces to a high pass filter
     with corner at fl.  Note that the filter order  is  than  of
     the  analog  lowpass  causal  filter.  The  zerophase filter
     response varies as f^(2 norder) and f(-2   norder)  at  fre-
     quencies less than fl and greater than fh, respectively.

     The trapezoidal option  allows  the  user  to  specify  four
     corners  of  a  trapezoid  in  the frequency domain. The two
     pairs of frequencies define the low side ramp and  the  high
     side  ramp.  Bweteen the ramps the trapezoid has unit ampli-
     tude; on either side of the ramps the amplitude response  is
     zero.  Application is in the frequency domain by vector mul-
     tiplecation.


BUGS

     The response for very high filter orders may be in error due
     to numerical noise propagation.


AUTHORS

     R. B. Herrmann and T. Mokhtar, Saint Louis University, 1986.


COPYRIGHT

     copyright 2001, Amoco Production Company
               All Rights Reserved
          an affiliate of BP America Inc.




































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